Evrosud made a decision on the three "Chechen" cases and fined Russia for 176 thousand euros

The European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg condemned Russia for the disappearance of four men in different parts of Chechnya in the period from August 2002 to December 2004 and ordered to pay the victim 176 thousand 744 euro, transmits with reference to the communiqué of the court.

The plaintiffs believe that the missing were arrested by Russian soldiers. They also argued that appealed to the Russian justice, but they said the local investigation agencies have been unable to effectively investigate the circumstances of cases.

The plaintiffs in the first case were made by relatives Aslanbek Astamirova. According to the Legal Fund Initiative in Russia ", he disappeared 5 August 2002 in the village Geghi (Chechnya). Late at night, about 30 soldiers stormed the house and detained Astamirovyh Aslanbek. Since then, no news of him there.

Elias and his nephew Saga Saga Yunadi disappeared on 30 August and 13 September 2002 respectively. Ilyas and Yunadi were abducted by armed men from their homes in the Urus-Martan. Neighbors confirmed that the soldiers arrived in armored personnel carriers. No news on the Ilyas and Yunadi there since their arrest. The plaintiffs in their case were made by relatives.

In the third case, the court asked the relatives of Alice Zubiraeva living in the Chechen-village. The Russian authorities have recognized that the early morning of 21 December 2004 in the Chechen village, was a special operation, but denied that Alice had been detained. However, a neighbor of the family Alice, also arrested in the course of the operation but later released, testified that he was taken to the same military vehicle as Alice.

"The Court recognized that I have a right to know what happened to my son - said Zara Vagapova, mother Alice Zubiraeva. - The Court also ruled that the authorities have not conducted an effective investigation into the case. They should have launched a thorough investigation and to report where my son. "

The Chamber of the ECHR decided that the Russian authorities had violated several articles of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. " In particular, article 2 (right to life), 3 (prohibition of torture and inhuman and degrading treatment), 5 (right to liberty and security) and 13 (right to an effective remedy).

According to a court order, the Russian Federation must pay the plaintiffs' 140 thousand euros as compensation for moral damage, 17 thousand euros for pecuniary damage and 19 thousand 744 euros to cover legal costs.

The Russian government truncate bankers bonuses

The state plans to limit the size of bonus payments to the management of banks, as announced on-air TV channel "Russia" Vice-Premier, Minister of Finance Alexei Kudrin. MOF has already preparing a proposal to introduce restrictions on the bonuses of top managers of Russian banks that plan to seek the assistance of the state, writes the newspaper Kommersant.

The Russian Ministry of Finance is ready to join the "crusade" against unduly inflated payments to the management of banks and other financial institutions, announced that authorities in many developed countries. In particular, in the U.S., President Obama has made the adoption of the amendments, under which annual payments to banks that plan to participate in a state program to stabilize the financial sector, the annual payments are limited to half a million dollars.

A similar initiative made, and French President Nicolas Sarkozy, who collapsed with sharp criticism of the system of bonuses, adopted by the banks and investment companies. In his view, France will cost and without the "best manager", and without the system, which provokes the traders to take undue risks.

In Russia, said Kommersant, bankers are beginning to independently reduce the amount of remuneration of top managers and board members, as evidenced by published accounts for the fourth quarter of 2008, five banks that are members of the thirty largest.

Thus, the second largest commercial bank VTB declined in the fourth quarter payment to members of the board more than doubled - from 299.2 million rubles. in the third quarter to 131.5 million rubles. in the fourth. However, total payments to top management in 2008 increased compared to last year at 11%, to 533.9 million rubles. However, these bonuses were paid for the work of managers in 2007.

Sberbank and did last year adopted a strategy, which provides great savings on staff. As indicated in the documents of Sberbank, if in 2007 the bank employed about 270 thousand people, then in 2013 the number of employees does not exceed 200-220 thousand people. Thus, over five years, the Bank intends to reduce from 20 to 30% of staff, or every fourth employee.

According to published at the end of last week's quarterly report on Sberbank's securities, payments to members of the board for 2008 in terms of a top manager also declined. If in 2007 the total amount of payments (bonuses and salaries), the members of the Board of Sberbank amounted to 892.1 million rubles. But the average payment to one member of the Board - 3.7 million rubles., On the basis of 2008 they were in total 933.6 million rub., with the increasing number of managers in the board from 20 to 23 average monthly payment of 3.4 million rubles.

Similar processes are observed and in private banks, the capital of which the State is not involved. Banks continue to be forced to reduce the size of bonuses regardless of the initiatives of the Ministry of Finance, believed by experts interviewed by Kommersant.

"Most of the time in banks, remuneration is pegged to the performance of the department, which oversees a specific member of the board. In most cases, the amount of remuneration set by the annual shareholders' meeting, held in spring and summer. Given that the results of 2008 the profitability of capital of banks has fallen by half (from 30% to 15%), the payment of top management should be similarly reduced, - the newspaper quotes the director of the Center for Economic Research, Moscow Academy of Finance and Industry Sergei Moiseyev.

Royal Bank of Canada (RBC Bank) : Corporate Bully 2

Number of selected homes in the U.S. in January, has declined sharply

In January this year, 274 of thousands of American families lost their right to redeem the mortgage, which usually means the loss of home ownership and subsequent sale by auction to cover debts. Despite the fact that, compared with December of last year this figure dropped to 10% in January 2008 it was 18% lower. The data contained in a study the agency RealtyTrac, published the day before.

A major factor in reducing the number selected for the debts of the houses has a moratorium on the deprivation of the right to repurchase mortgages that have entered at the time of the winter holidays of government mortgage agencies Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, In addition, authorities in Florida were able to negotiate with creditors on a similar moratorium, which will operate for 45 days.

According to the agency, these measures are temporary and do not solve the problem. As a result, when the deadlines pass moratoriums, the number exposed to the auction houses can greatly increase, triggering a new spiral of lower prices on the real estate market.

Vice President of Marketing Rick RealtyTrac Sharg believes that if the parallel does not make any more effort and just wait for that debtors magically appear the money, all result in a new collapse in prices. "That would be a good idea if there was a parallel program of restructuring of hundreds of thousands of mortgage loans" - declares Sharg.

Nevertheless, federal authorities are putting pressure on the 800 holders of mortgages, forcing the postponement of the grant payment until the work is started the program of President Barack Obama to help mortgage borrowers.

The speaker before the legislators, Minister of Finance Timothy Gaytner confirmed that the Government will do everything possible to conduct large-scale restructuring of the mortgage debt of American citizens who otherwise threatened to lose their homes. However, no detailed plans developed Gaytner never reported.

American real estate market has become the catalyst which started the current fiscal, and then the economic crisis. This situation continues to deteriorate - the prices are falling, and the number of defaults on mortgages rising, causing losses to banks and mortgage agencies that are forced to sell mortgaged housing prices, which are often lower than the recipients of the mortgage debt. Some experts believe that economic recovery will begin once the situation with the American mortgage will start to improve.

How Millions of American Will Lose Their Homes